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Open-source, all-atom biomolecular foundation model that turns co-folding into a scalable engine for structure prediction, design, and optimization across proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules in drug discovery; ranked first on PXMeter-AB, FoldBench-AB, and 2026ARK-AB antibody-antigen benchmarks (263+ stars, Apache 2.0)

Composite-objective protein design framework integrating Boltz, AlphaFold2, OpenFold3, ProteinMPNN, and ESM via JAX-based gradient optimization over continuous relaxed sequence space for multi-property binder design (319+ stars, MIT License, 2025)

AlphaFold 3 inference pipeline for unified biomolecular structure prediction of proteins, nucleic acids, small molecules, ions, and post-translational modifications (Google DeepMind, Nature 2024)

Multi-modal foundation model for biomolecular structure prediction (proteins, small molecules, DNA, RNA, glycans) achieving SOTA across benchmarks, with optional MSA/template support (Chai Discovery, 2024)

Controllable foundation model for general and specialized biomolecular structure prediction across proteins, nucleic acids, and complexes, featuring a public web server for interactive prediction workflows (IntelliGen AI, 223+ stars, Apache 2.0, 2025)

Automated pipeline for proteome-scale protein-protein interaction screening with AlphaFold-Multimer and AlphaFold 3, supporting flexible inputs (UniProt IDs, FASTA, residue regions, multimers, AF3 JSON features) and integrated downstream analysis for hit prioritization (Kosinski Lab, EMBL, Nature Protocols 2024, 317+ stars, GPL-3.0)

Cross-platform system optimizations for accelerating AlphaFold3 training with 1.73x speedup and 1.23x memory reduction

Fully open-source (Apache 2.0) biomolecular structure prediction reproducing AlphaFold3, free for academic and commercial use (Columbia AlQuraishi Lab & OpenFold Consortium, 2025)

General-purpose deep learning backbone for molecular modeling

Microsoft's generative model for sampling protein equilibrium conformations 100,000× faster than MD simulations, predicting domain motions, local unfolding and cryptic binding pockets on a single GPU (Science 2025)

Neural network-based cryo-EM heterogeneous reconstruction, modeling continuous 3D structure distributions from single-particle images, with CryoDRGN-ET extending to in-cell cryo-electron tomography (MIT CSAIL, Nature Methods 2021/2024)

Programmatic framework for designing state-switching proteins via backpropagation through compositional design constraints parameterized by structure prediction models; enables de novo design of allosteric regulators and fluorescent biosensors for arbitrary small-molecule analytes (79+ stars, MIT License, ICML 2026)

First fully open-source model achieving AlphaFold3-level accuracy with 1000x faster binding affinity prediction (MIT)

Generative foundation model for functional antibody and nanobody design, supporting de novo generation, affinity maturation, inverse design, structure prediction, and humanization (Tencent AI4S, ICLR 2025)

Flow-based generative model for atomistic protein binder design with test-time optimization, SOTA on binder benchmarks (ICLR 2026 Oral, NVIDIA)

All-atom biomolecular structure prediction for protein-nucleic acid-small molecule-metal ion complexes, enabling accurate modeling of covalent modifications and assemblies beyond proteins (Baker Lab, Science 2024)

Automatic atomic model building program for cryo-EM maps using deep learning, enabling rapid de novo protein structure determination from electron density with high accuracy (3DEM/EMBL, 169+ stars)

General multimodal protein design framework enabling DNA-encoding of chemistry for programmable enzyme design and diverse protein generation through diffusion-based generative modeling (190+ stars, Apache 2.0, 2026)

Simple and accurate de novo protein binder design pipeline using AlphaFold2 backpropagation, MPNN, and PyRosetta for automated binder discovery (bioRxiv 2024)

Fast, all-atom SE(3)-equivariant diffusion model for protein design achieving state-of-the-art performance on unconditional generation, motif scaffolding, and binder design while retaining the computational efficiency of equivariant architectures (bioRxiv 2026)

Trainable PyTorch reproduction of AlphaFold 3

Semi-flexible molecular diffusion model for structure-based drug design with reinforcement learning, achieving 20× faster sampling and providing a no-code web platform for molecular design (ISPC Lab, Tongji University, 2026)

All-atom generative world model for all-to-all biomolecular interaction design, enabling cross-modality generation of proteins, nucleic acids, small molecules, and cyclic peptides with fine-grained epitope-level control and 2-4 orders of magnitude faster design throughput than modality-specific baselines (316+ stars, Apache 2.0)

Protein structure prediction

Learning the language of protein-protein interactions

Accessible protein design platform via Google Colab integrating AlphaFold2, RoseTTAFold, and ProteinMPNN for de novo hallucination, fixed backbone design, and binder design (Sergey Ovchinnikov, 2022+)

Baidu's open-source reproduction of AlphaFold3 in PaddlePaddle, providing pretrained weights and inference pipelines for unified biomolecular structure prediction across proteins, nucleic acids, ligands, ions, and post-translational modifications within the PaddleHelix biocomputing platform (Baidu, bioRxiv 2024)

Unified ML/DL framework for drug discovery workflows, integrating RDKit, DeepChem, and scikit-learn with SHAP explainability

AlphaFold fine-tuned with flow matching for generating protein conformational ensembles, covering both experimental PDB states and molecular dynamics ensembles at physiological temperatures; includes ESMFlow variant (MIT, 526+ stars, 2024)

Structure-aware protein language model using 3D structural vocabulary (Foldseek) for joint sequence-structure pretraining, achieving SOTA on protein engineering and fitness prediction benchmarks (ICML 2024, Westlake University & Repl)

Multimodal deep learning framework integrating peptide-MHC protein sequence, structure, and biochemical properties to predict class-I immunogenicity for infectious disease epitopes and cancer neoepitopes with cancer-wildtype contrastive learning, enabling personalized vaccine design (Krishnaswamy Lab, Yale University)

Flow-matching protein folding model using only general-purpose transformer layers, scaled to 3B parameters and trained on 8.6M+ distilled structures; challenges the reliance on complex domain-specific architectures and supports PyTorch and MLX backends with model sizes from 100M to 3B parameters (985+ stars, MIT License)

Rectified Quaternion Flow for efficient protein backbone generation, 37× faster than RFDiffusion with 0.972 designability (ICML 2025)

Structure prediction and design of proteins with noncanonical amino acids, enabling AI-powered modeling of synthetic biology constructs and expanded genetic code systems (133+ stars, 2025)

Discrete diffusion framework for generative protein sequence design over evolutionary-scale databases, supporting unconditional generation, evolutionary-guided conditional design, motif scaffolding, and intrinsically disordered region generation through order-agnostic autoregressive diffusion, enabling sequence-only protein design without structural priors (Microsoft Research, Nature Communications 2024)

ICML 2025 drug discovery generalist using masked discrete diffusion and fragment-based generation with molecular context guidance (NVIDIA)

Fast, modular, and accurate de novo design of protein binders based on the Protenix foundation model, achieving 17-82% nanomolar hit rates across diverse targets with 2-6× improvement over prior methods like AlphaProteo and RFdiffusion (229+ stars, Apache 2.0)

Trainable, memory-efficient PyTorch reproduction and retraining of AlphaFold2 providing new insights into its learning dynamics and out-of-distribution generalization; widely used as the open-source AlphaFold2 backbone underpinning many downstream protein structure prediction and design pipelines (Columbia AlQuraishi Lab & OpenFold Consortium, Nature Methods 2024)

Graph neural network operating entirely at the atomic level for protein-ligand conformational ensemble prediction and docking, generating diverse solutions through rapid stochastic denoising to model conformational heterogeneity (Baker Lab, bioRxiv 2025)

Discovering interpretable features in protein language models via sparse autoencoders, enabling mechanistic understanding of PLM representations for protein engineering and design (288+ stars, MIT License)

Partially latent flow matching model for the joint generation of a protein's amino acid sequence and full atomistic structure, including both backbone and side chains (2025)

Dynamic Protein Data Bank integrating dynamic behaviors and physical properties into protein structures via a new dataset and SE(3) model extension, enabling richer understanding of protein conformational landscapes (Fudan University, 784+ stars)

Family of diffusion protein language models demonstrating versatile generative and predictive capabilities for protein sequences and structures, including multimodal co-generation, conditional folding, inverse folding, motif scaffolding, and representation learning, with open pretrained weights and training scripts (327+ stars, ICML 2024, ICLR 2025, ICML 2025 Spotlight)

Large-scale flow-based protein backbone generator utilizing hierarchical fold class labels for conditioning with a tailored scalable transformer architecture, enabling controllable de novo protein design (264+ stars)

In silico directed evolution framework using few-shot active learning to optimize protein activities, enabling rapid protein engineering with minimal experimental data (352+ stars, 2023)

Universal 3D molecular pretraining framework with 209M conformations, scaling to 1.1B parameters (Uni-Mol2) on 800M conformations for molecular property prediction, docking, and quantum chemistry (ICLR 2023, NeurIPS 2024)

Diffusion-based molecular docking achieving SOTA blind docking performance, treating ligand pose prediction as generative diffusion over SE(3), with DiffDock-L update for improved generalization (MIT CSAIL, ICLR 2023)

LLM-based molecular optimization tool

Extension of ProteinMPNN for protein sequence design in the context of small-molecule ligands, metal ions, and nucleic acids, enabling binding site engineering and co-factor redesign (Baker Lab)