Brian2

MEG and EEG.

Deep learning with spiking neural networks in Python, providing gradient-based training of SNNs via PyTorch autodifferentiation for brain-inspired computing and neuromorphic research, with online learning capabilities and extensive tutorials (1.9K+ stars, actively maintained)

Simulation of large-scale brain models

High-accuracy RAG for scientific PDFs with citation support, agentic RAG, and contradiction detection

Programmatic data labeling and weak supervision

Deep learning-based variant caller