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This package discovers meso-scale chromatin remodelling from 3C data. 3C data is local in nature. It givens interaction counts between restriction enzyme digestion fragments and a preferred 'viewpoint' region. By binning this data and using permutation testing, this package can test whether there are statistically significant changes in the interaction counts between the data from two cell types or two treatments.

Identifying distinct subpopulations through multiscale time series analysis

DEMAND predicts Drug MoA by interrogating a cell context specific regulatory network with a small number (N >= 6) of compound-induced gene expression signatures, to elucidate specific proteins whose interactions in the network is dysregulated by the compound.

DeMixT is a software package that performs deconvolution on transcriptome data from a mixture of two or three components.

This package assists in demultiplexing scRNAseq data using both cell hashing and SNPs data. The SNP profile of each group os learned using high confidence assignments from the cell hashing data. Cells which cannot be assigned with high confidence from the cell hashing data are assigned to their most similar group based on their SNPs. We also provide some helper function to optimise SNP selection, create training data and merge SNP data into the SingleCellExperiment framework.

DenoIST identifies and removes contamination in Image-based Spatial Transcriptomics data, using a transposed poisson mixture model with local neighbourhood offsets to infer genes that are likely to be due to neighbourhood contamination rather than endogenous expression.

Implements the density-preserving modification to t-SNE and UMAP described by Narayan et al. (2020) <doi:10.1101/2020.05.12.077776>. The non-linear dimensionality reduction techniques t-SNE and UMAP enable users to summarise complex high-dimensional sequencing data such as single cell RNAseq using lower dimensional representations. These lower dimensional representations enable the visualisation of discrete transcriptional states, as well as continuous trajectory (for example, in early development). However, these methods focus on the local neighbourhood structure of the data. In some cases, this results in misleading visualisations, where the density of cells in the low-dimensional embedding does not represent the transcriptional heterogeneity of data in the original high-dimensional space. den-SNE and densMAP aim to enable more accurate visual interpretation of high-dimensional datasets by producing lower-dimensional embeddings that accurately represent the heterogeneity of the original high-dimensional space, enabling the identification of homogeneous and heterogeneous cell states. This accuracy is accomplished by including in the optimisation process a term which considers the local density of points in the original high-dimensional space. This can help to create visualisations that are more representative of heterogeneity in the original high-dimensional space.

The purpose of this package is to identify traits in a dataset that can separate groups. This is done on two levels. First, clustering is performed, using an implementation of sparse K-means. Secondly, the generated clusters are used to predict outcomes of groups of individuals based on their distribution of observations in the different clusters. As certain clusters with separating information will be identified, and these clusters are defined by a sparse number of variables, this method can reduce the complexity of data, to only emphasize the data that actually matters.

DepInfeR integrates two experimentally accessible input data matrices: the drug sensitivity profiles of cancer cell lines or primary tumors ex-vivo (X), and the drug affinities of a set of proteins (Y), to infer a matrix of molecular protein dependencies of the cancers (ß). DepInfeR deconvolutes the protein inhibition effect on the viability phenotype by using regularized multivariate linear regression. It assigns a “dependence coefficient” to each protein and each sample, and therefore could be used to gain a causal and accurate understanding of functional consequences of genomic aberrations in a heterogeneous disease, as well as to guide the choice of pharmacological intervention for a specific cancer type, sub-type, or an individual patient. For more information, please read out preprint on bioRxiv: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.11.475864.

DEqMS is developped on top of Limma. However, Limma assumes same prior variance for all genes. In proteomics, the accuracy of protein abundance estimates varies by the number of peptides/PSMs quantified in both label-free and labelled data. Proteins quantification by multiple peptides or PSMs are more accurate. DEqMS package is able to estimate different prior variances for proteins quantified by different number of PSMs/peptides, therefore acchieving better accuracy. The package can be applied to analyze both label-free and labelled proteomics data.

Integrated peak and differential caller, specifically designed for broad epigenomic signals.

DEsingle is an R package for differential expression (DE) analysis of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data. It defines and detects 3 types of differentially expressed genes between two groups of single cells, with regard to different expression status (DEs), differential expression abundance (DEa), and general differential expression (DEg). DEsingle employs Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial model to estimate the proportion of real and dropout zeros and to define and detect the 3 types of DE genes. Results showed that DEsingle outperforms existing methods for scRNA-seq DE analysis, and can reveal different types of DE genes that are enriched in different biological functions.

DEsubs is a network-based systems biology package that extracts disease-perturbed subpathways within a pathway network as recorded by RNA-seq experiments. It contains an extensive and customizable framework covering a broad range of operation modes at all stages of the subpathway analysis, enabling a case-specific approach. The operation modes refer to the pathway network construction and processing, the subpathway extraction, visualization and enrichment analysis with regard to various biological and pharmacological features. Its capabilities render it a tool-guide for both the modeler and experimentalist for the identification of more robust systems-level biomarkers for complex diseases.

performing all the steps of gene expression meta-analysis considering the possible existence of missing genes. It provides the necessary functions to be able to perform the different methods of gene expression meta-analysis. In addition, it contains functions to apply quality controls, download GEO datasets and show graphical representations of the results.

The package is focused on finding differential exon usage using RNA-seq exon counts between samples with different experimental designs. It provides functions that allows the user to make the necessary statistical tests based on a model that uses the negative binomial distribution to estimate the variance between biological replicates and generalized linear models for testing. The package also provides functions for the visualization and exploration of the results.

This package provides a supervised technique able to identify differentially expressed genes, based on the construction of \emph{Fuzzy Patterns} (FPs). The Fuzzy Patterns are built by means of applying 3 Membership Functions to discretized gene expression values.

Provides `dplyr` verbs (`mutate`, `select`, `filter`, etc...) supporting `S4Vectors::DataFrame` objects. Importantly, this is achieved without conversion to an intermediate `tibble`. Adds grouping infrastructure to `DataFrame` which is respected by the transformation verbs.

Compute differentially bound sites from multiple ChIP-seq experiments using affinity (quantitative) data. Also enables occupancy (overlap) analysis and plotting functions.

Statistical methods for differential discovery analyses in high-dimensional cytometry data (including flow cytometry, mass cytometry or CyTOF, and oligonucleotide-tagged cytometry), based on a combination of high-resolution clustering and empirical Bayes moderated tests adapted from transcriptomics.

Analyze microarray data

Detects differential interactions across biological conditions in a Hi-C experiment. Methods are provided for read alignment and data pre-processing into interaction counts. Statistical analysis is based on edgeR and supports normalization and filtering. Several visualization options are also available.

Label propagation approaches are a widely used procedure in computational biology for giving context to molecular entities using network data. Node labels, which can derive from gene expression, genome-wide association studies, protein domains or metabolomics profiling, are propagated to their neighbours in the network, effectively smoothing the scores through prior annotated knowledge and prioritising novel candidates. The R package diffuStats contains a collection of diffusion kernels and scoring approaches that facilitates their computation, characterisation and benchmarking.

The diffUTR package provides a uniform interface and plotting functions for limma/edgeR/DEXSeq -powered differential bin/exon usage. It includes in addition an improved version of the limma::diffSplice method. Most importantly, diffUTR further extends the application of these frameworks to differential UTR usage analysis using poly-A site databases.

Inference of Genetic Variants Driving Cellullar Phenotypes by the DIGGIT algorithm

Dino normalizes single-cell, mRNA sequencing data to correct for technical variation, particularly sequencing depth, prior to downstream analysis. The approach produces a matrix of corrected expression for which the dependency between sequencing depth and the full distribution of normalized expression; many existing methods aim to remove only the dependency between sequencing depth and the mean of the normalized expression. This is particuarly useful in the context of highly sparse datasets such as those produced by 10X genomics and other uninque molecular identifier (UMI) based microfluidics protocols for which the depth-dependent proportion of zeros in the raw expression data can otherwise present a challenge.

Implements an expiration system for access to versioned directories. Directories that have not been accessed by a registered function within a certain time frame are deleted. This aims to reduce disk usage by eliminating obsolete caches generated by old versions of packages.

Dirichlet-multinomial mixture models can be used to describe variability in microbial metagenomic data. This package is an interface to code originally made available by Holmes, Harris, and Quince, 2012, PLoS ONE 7(2): 1-15, as discussed further in the man page for this package, ?DirichletMultinomial.

Discordant is an R package that identifies pairs of features that correlate differently between phenotypic groups, with application to -omics data sets. Discordant uses a mixture model that “bins” molecular feature pairs based on their type of coexpression or coabbundance. Algorithm is explained further in "Differential Correlation for Sequencing Data"" (Siska et al. 2016).

Set of functions for estimation of cyclical characteristics, such as period, phase, amplitude, and statistical significance in large temporal datasets. Supporting functions are available for quality control, dimensionality reduction, spectral analysis, and analysis of experimental replicates. Contains a R Shiny web interface to execute all workflow steps.

A universal, user friendly, single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing visualization toolkit that allows highly customizable creation of color blindness friendly, publication-quality figures. dittoSeq accepts both SingleCellExperiment (SCE) and Seurat objects, as well as the import and usage, via conversion to an SCE, of SummarizedExperiment or DGEList bulk data. Visualizations include dimensionality reduction plots, heatmaps, scatterplots, percent composition or expression across groups, and more. Customizations range from size and title adjustments to automatic generation of annotations for heatmaps, overlay of trajectory analysis onto any dimensionality reduciton plot, hidden data overlay upon cursor hovering via ggplotly conversion, and many more. All with simple, discrete inputs. Color blindness friendliness is powered by legend adjustments (enlarged keys), and by allowing the use of shapes or letter-overlay in addition to the carefully selected dittoColors().

This package provides functionality for performing divergence analysis as presented in Dinalankara et al, "Digitizing omics profiles by divergence from a baseline", PANS 2018. This allows the user to simplify high dimensional omics data into a binary or ternary format which encapsulates how the data is divergent from a specified baseline group with the same univariate or multivariate features.

The dks package consists of a set of diagnostic functions for multiple testing methods. The functions can be used to determine if the p-values produced by a multiple testing procedure are correct. These functions are designed to be applied to simulated data. The functions require the entire set of p-values from multiple simulated studies, so that the joint distribution can be evaluated.

DMCFB is a pipeline for identifying differentially methylated cytosines using a Bayesian functional regression model in bisulfite sequencing data. By using a functional regression data model, it tries to capture position-specific, group-specific and other covariates-specific methylation patterns as well as spatial correlation patterns and unknown underlying models of methylation data. It is robust and flexible with respect to the true underlying models and inclusion of any covariates, and the missing values are imputed using spatial correlation between positions and samples. A Bayesian approach is adopted for estimation and inference in the proposed method.

A pipeline for identifying differentially methylated CpG sites using Hidden Markov Model in bisulfite sequencing data. DNA methylation studies have enabled researchers to understand methylation patterns and their regulatory roles in biological processes and disease. However, only a limited number of statistical approaches have been developed to provide formal quantitative analysis. Specifically, a few available methods do identify differentially methylated CpG (DMC) sites or regions (DMR), but they suffer from limitations that arise mostly due to challenges inherent in bisulfite sequencing data. These challenges include: (1) that read-depths vary considerably among genomic positions and are often low; (2) both methylation and autocorrelation patterns change as regions change; and (3) CpG sites are distributed unevenly. Furthermore, there are several methodological limitations: almost none of these tools is capable of comparing multiple groups and/or working with missing values, and only a few allow continuous or multiple covariates. The last of these is of great interest among researchers, as the goal is often to find which regions of the genome are associated with several exposures and traits. To tackle these issues, we have developed an efficient DMC identification method based on Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) called “DMCHMM” which is a three-step approach (model selection, prediction, testing) aiming to address the aforementioned drawbacks.

The R package dmGsea provides efficient gene set enrichment analysis specifically for DNA methylation data. It addresses key biases, including probe dependency and varying probe numbers per gene. The package supports Illumina 450K, EPIC, and mouse methylation arrays. Users can also apply it to other omics data by supplying custom probe-to-gene mapping annotations. dmGsea is flexible, fast, and well-suited for large-scale epigenomic studies.

Uses Bisulfite sequencing data in two conditions and identifies differentially methylated regions between the conditions in CG and non-CG context. The input is the CX report files produced by Bismark and the output is a list of DMRs stored as GRanges objects.

De novo identification and extraction of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) from the human genome using Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) and Illumina Infinium Array (450K and EPIC) data. Provides functionality for filtering probes possibly confounded by SNPs and cross-hybridisation. Includes GRanges generation and plotting functions.

This package implements an approach for scanning the genome to detect and perform accurate inference on differentially methylated regions from Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing data. The method is based on comparing detected regions to a pooled null distribution, that can be implemented even when as few as two samples per population are available. Region-level statistics are obtained by fitting a generalized least squares (GLS) regression model with a nested autoregressive correlated error structure for the effect of interest on transformed methylation proportions.

The package allows one to obtain optimised combinations of DNA barcodes to be used for multiplex sequencing. In each barcode combination, barcodes are pooled with respect to Illumina chemistry constraints. Combinations can be filtered to keep those that are robust against substitution and insertion/deletion errors thereby facilitating the demultiplexing step. In addition, the package provides an optimiser function to further favor the selection of barcode combinations with least heterogeneity in barcode usage.

The package offers a function to create DNA barcode sets capable of correcting insertion, deletion, and substitution errors. Existing barcodes can be analysed regarding their minimal, maximal and average distances between barcodes. Finally, reads that start with a (possibly mutated) barcode can be demultiplexed, i.e., assigned to their original reference barcode.

Implements the circular binary segmentation (CBS) algorithm to segment DNA copy number data and identify genomic regions with abnormal copy number.

This package performs prediction of intrinsic cyclizability of of every 50-bp subsequence in a DNA sequence. The input could be a file either in FASTA or text format. The output will be the C-score, the estimated intrinsic cyclizability score for each 50 bp sequences in each entry of the sequence set.

DNAhapeR is an R/BioConductor package for ultra-fast, high-throughput predictions of DNA shape features. The package allows to predict, visualize and encode DNA shape features for statistical learning.

The DNEA R package is the latest implementation of the Differential Network Enrichment Analysis algorithm and is the successor to the Filigree Java-application described in Iyer et al. (2020). The package is designed to take as input an m x n expression matrix for some -omics modality (ie. metabolomics, lipidomics, proteomics, etc.) and jointly estimate the biological network associations of each condition using the DNEA algorithm described in Ma et al. (2019). This approach provides a framework for data-driven enrichment analysis across two experimental conditions that utilizes the underlying correlation structure of the data to determine feature-feature interactions.

The functions support identification and annotation of hotspot residues in proteins. These are individual amino acids that accumulate mutations at a much higher rate than their surrounding regions.

dominoSignal is a package developed to analyze cell signaling through ligand - receptor - transcription factor networks in scRNAseq data. It takes as input information transcriptomic data, requiring counts, z-scored counts, and cluster labels, as well as information on transcription factor activation (such as from SCENIC) and a database of ligand and receptor pairings (such as from CellPhoneDB). This package creates an object storing ligand - receptor - transcription factor linkages by cluster and provides several methods for exploring, summarizing, and visualizing the analysis.

Doscheda focuses on quantitative chemoproteomics used to determine protein interaction profiles of small molecules from whole cell or tissue lysates using Mass Spectrometry data. The package provides a shiny application to run the pipeline, several visualisations and a downloadable report of an experiment.

This package implements five methods proposed by Resnik, Schlicker, Jiang, Lin and Wang respectively for measuring semantic similarities among DO terms and gene products. Enrichment analyses including hypergeometric model and gene set enrichment analysis are also implemented for discovering disease associations of high-throughput biological data.

doseR package is a next generation sequencing package for sex chromosome dosage compensation which can be applied broadly to detect shifts in gene expression among an arbitrary number of pre-defined groups of loci. doseR is a differential gene expression package for count data, that detects directional shifts in expression for multiple, specific subsets of genes, broad utility in systems biology research. doseR has been prepared to manage the nature of the data and the desired set of inferences. doseR uses S4 classes to store count data from sequencing experiment. It contains functions to normalize and filter count data, as well as to plot and calculate statistics of count data. It contains a framework for linear modeling of count data. The package has been tested using real and simulated data.

This package provides functions for creating various visualizations, convenient wrappers, and quality-of-life utilities for single cell experiment objects. It offers a streamlined approach to visualize results and integrates different tools for easy use.